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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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<text id=93TT2020>
<title>
July 19, 1993: Target:Tumors
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
July 19, 1993 Whose Little Girl Is This?
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
MEDICINE, Page 53
Target: Tumors
</hdr>
<body>
<p>A "smart bomb" against cancer in mice must still prove itself
in humans.
</p>
<p> If headlines could cure deadly diseases, then everyone would
have rejoiced last week. Across the U.S., newspapers heralded
the development by scientists from Bristol-Myers Squibb of a
"smart bomb," or "magic bullet," against cancer. The weapon,
a type of protein called a monoclonal antibody combined with
an anticancer drug, has wiped out a wide variety of tumors in
laboratory mice.
</p>
<p> Before people get too excited, though, they should know that
researchers have attacked cancer with many kinds of monoclonal
antibodies for 15 years and that success in mice has spawned
only limited benefit in people. Back in the 1980s, Wall Street
briefly went wild over the stocks of companies developing antibody
therapies, but repeated disappointments and unfulfilled promises
taught investors to stop expecting instant miracles.
</p>
<p> That said, the results reported last week by New Jersey-based
Bristol-Myers Squibb in the journal Science were unusually promising,
and they may give new momentum to this line of research. The
monoclonal antibodies used against cancer are proteins designed
to latch on to a specific molecule on the surface of a tumor
cell, while leaving normal cells untouched. In Bristol-Myers
Squibb's experiment, the antibody was linked with the common
anticancer drug doxorubicin, and unlike many previous preparations,
this combination enabled the drug to enter tumor cells, killing
them from the inside.
</p>
<p> The combination of the antibody, acting as a guidance system
that homes in on tumor cells, and doxorubicin, as the lethal
payload, knocked out many kinds of advanced cancer in mice,
including colon, lung and breast tumors that had spread to other
organs. In earlier animal experiments, researchers were able
to cure only those cancers that had not been growing very long
or that had not metastasized. "One of the problems that have
held back the field for a long time is that we were never sure
that well-established solid tumors could be eliminated," says
Dr. David Scheinberg, chief of the leukemia service at the Memorial
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. "Now we know
that that is indeed possible."
</p>
<p> But even the scientists from Bristol-Myers Squibb admit that
any euphoria is premature. "I was surprised by the amount of
press attention our study received," said Pamela Trail, who
led the research team. "Obviously, we're tremendously excited
by our data, but the true proof will be in the human trials."
Within the next six months, the company will seek the Food and
Drug Administration's permission to begin those crucial tests--and perhaps generate more meaningful headlines.
</p>
<p> By Christine Gorman
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>